The Denver Guardian was a blog site registered in 2016 that claimed to be a legitimate newspaper in Denver, but only ran a single fabricated story that went viral. The site published only fake stories, usually with a realistic clickbait headline, albeit with story-details containing enough flaws that the "discerning reader would likely notice" it was false. Ī was a fake news website that "crudely" spoofed legitimate journalistic organization ABC News, but was in reality completely unrelated. Exact copies can trick viewers into believing the website is an official organization such as the Bloomberg.ma or. This can come in two forms, either by copying a popular news organization's website formatting and pretending to be a lesser known publication or by completely copying an existing website down to its name and authors. Impersonation Īnother method of gaining readers is impersonating a legitimate news organization. Because it is difficult to determine what content exactly is fake news, the website uses a data set to calculate the likelihood of a headline being clickbait.
įacebook's Vice President of News Feed says the social media giant defines clickbait "as headlines that withhold significant amounts of information and mislead the user".
Additionally, out-of-context or manipulated images can cause readers to incorrectly assume an article's legitimacy, often due to their inflammatory image choice.
This became especially relevant in the 2016 election. When linked to from other sites, usually social media, having an extraordinary story title played a large part in tricking users who cannot tell if the article is real or not. This method of enticing readers to view content on their website often leads to exaggerated or even fake titles. Methods įake news websites use a variety of methods to fool their readers into believing their content, either by attempting to persuade the readers that they are legitimate or by distracting readers with incredible news.įictional examples of clickbait chumbox advertsįake news websites often have article titles that are incredible, prompting the user to click on it and read more. Subsequent to that election, the issue of fake news turned into a political weapon between supporters of Clinton and Trump due to these back-and-forth complaints, the definition of fake news as used for such argumentation became vaguer. However, prior to the election between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, fake news had not impacted the election process to such a high degree. The New York Times noted in a December 2016 article that fake news had previously maintained a presence on the Internet and within tabloid journalism in years prior to the 2016 U.S. is a high-value ad consumer and extraordinary claims are more likely to be believed during a political crisis. Many sites directly targeted the United States both because the U.S. Many sites originate in or are promoted by Russia, North Macedonia, Romania, and the United States. These sites are distinguished from news satire as fake news articles are usually fabricated to deliberately mislead readers, either for profit or more ambiguous reasons, such as disinformation campaigns. 5 Spread and identification of fake newsįake news websites deliberately publish hoaxes, propaganda, and disinformation to drive web traffic inflamed by social media.4 Notable examples of fake news websites.
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